Silicon Valley Market Report  May 2024

Silicon Valley Housing Market Report - May 2024

If you prefer to bypass The Big Story and jump straight to the Silicon Valley Market Report, click here.

The Big Story

Rates ↑, Sales ↓

Quick Take:

  • Prices have already risen 6.8% over the past three months, landing only 2.2% below the all-time high reached in June 2022. Additionally, the median list price per square foot hit an all-time high in April 2024.
  • Mortgage rates rose nearly a half a percentage point in April due to changing Fed rate cut expectations, hitting the highest level yet in 2024. The Fed has expressed that inflation is taking longer to settle at 2% than originally expected, so higher rates will likely be here for most — if not all — of 2024.
  • Sales fell 4.3% month over month, and inventory rose 4.7%. The combination of rising prices and interest rates priced buyers out of the market, which dropped sales.

Note: You can find the charts & graphs for the Big Story at the end of the following section.

Another market slowdown

The average 30-year mortgage rate began the year at 6.62%, marking the start of the third year mortgage rates have been elevated. However, the rate expectations for 2024 in January were far different from those today. In January, inflation was still trending lower and economists were predicting rate cuts as early as March. Unfortunately, the inflation rate stopped falling around 3%, never quite reaching the 2% target, which has caused the Fed to delay cutting the federal funds rate, which indirectly, but significantly, influences credit markets. The past two months, in fact, inflation has increased year over year, which isn’t ever going to move the timetable for rate cuts earlier.

During its May meeting, the Federal Reserve unanimously voted to hold policy rates steady for the sixth consecutive time, leaving the federal funds target rate unchanged at 5.25% to 5.50%. Importantly, Fed Chair Jerome Powell emphasized that it’s unlikely that the next policy rate move will be a hike; it’s more likely that rates remain steady and with less clarity of cuts. The Fed’s dual mandate aims for stable prices (inflation ~2%) and low unemployment. The jobs market is still strong, so really, it’s all about inflation.

The Fed’s change of tune has led to much higher mortgage rates. Mortgage rates have risen 0.6% since the start of the year, and two thirds of that increase happened in April. Rising rates, especially quickly rising rates, only slow the housing market. As we entered May, the average 30-year mortgage rate hit 7.22% — the highest level in 2024 and not too far off from the 23-year high of 7.79% hit last year. During April, prices and rates increased, thereby decreasing affordability. For buyers planning to finance a home, the 0.38 percentage point increase that occurred in April affects the monthly cost of a home dramatically. When we couple the median price increase with the mortgage rate increase in just the month of April, the monthly cost increased 7%. If we compare the month cost in January to April, the monthly cost rose 13%.

Rates seem to be able to inflate prices and increase sales when they’re low, but when they’re high, they only slow sales — or, at least, that’s been the experience over the past four years. Inventory is, of course, driving the disconnect. Demand is still high relative to supply, even though inventory is growing. However, as prices increase, the buyers who haven’t been priced out of the market become pickier, and fewer but pickier buyers creates an overall slowdown. The market was showing signs of a more normal spring with sales and inventory rising, but the recent rate increases dropped sales last month, which is almost never seen in the spring. Even though mortgage rates have been elevated for long enough that it feels more normal, mortgage rates above 7% will naturally give potential buyers and sellers pause before entering the housing market.

Different regions and individual houses vary from the broad national trends, so we’ve included a Local Lowdown below to provide you with in-depth coverage for your area. As always, we will continue to monitor the housing and economic markets to best guide you in buying or selling your home.

Big Story Data

line graph showing the trend of the median sales price of existing homes in the United States from May 2022 to April 2024

line graph depicting the seven-year trend (August 2016 - April 2024) of the number of active listings and the median listing price per square foot for homes in the United States

A line graph illustrating the weekly average of 15-year and 30-year fixed mortgage rates in the United States from January 2022 to February 2024

A line graph depicting the two-year trend (May 2021-March 2024) of existing home sales and housing inventory in the United States.

A line graph depicting the four-year trend (March 2020 - March 2024) of inflation in the United States using three key measures: the Consumer Price Index (CPI), CPI less food and energy, and CPI for shelter

The Local Lowdown

Quick Take:

  • Median home prices are slightly below peak levels across Silicon Valley. As more new listings come to market, we expect prices to continue rising and to reach new highs during the summer months.
  • Active listings, sales, and new listings rose in Silicon Valley month over month, which are all beneficial for the housing market. We expect inventory to increase in the first half of the year, and possibly return to a more normal market, after the slowdown experienced over the past year and a half.
  • Months of Supply Inventory declined from January to April, indicating that buyer competition is ramping up. MSI implies a sellers’ market in Silicon Valley across counties.

Note: You can find the charts/graphs for the Local Lowdown at the end of this section.

Median prices rose month over month in Santa Clara and Santa Cruz, but fell in San Mateo

In Silicon Valley, low inventory and high demand have more than offset the downward price pressure from higher mortgage rates, and prices generally haven’t experienced larger drops due to higher mortgage rates. Month over month, in April, the median single-family home price fell 1% in San Mateo, but rose 4% in Santa Clara and 9% in Santa Cruz. Year over year, prices were also up across markets for single-family homes, up 9% in San Mateo, 11% in Santa Clara, and 5% in Santa Cruz. Similarly, condo prices rose significantly month over month in Santa Clara and Santa Cruz, but fell in San Mateo. We expect prices in Silicon Valley to remain slightly below peak until the early summer, but prices will almost certainly reach new highs in the second quarter of 2024. Low, but rising inventory is only increasing prices as buyers are better able to find the best match.

High mortgage rates soften both supply and demand, but homebuyers seemed to tolerate rates above 6%. Now that rates are above 7%, sales may slow slightly in the next couple of months, which isn’t great for the market, but isn’t it terrible, either, as it may allow inventory to build in a massively undersupplied market.

Single-family home inventory, sales, and new listings increased month over month

Since the start of 2023, single-family home inventory has followed fairly typical seasonal trends, but at significantly depressed levels. Low inventory and fewer new listings have slowed the market considerably. Typically, inventory peaks in July or August and declines through December or January, but the lack of new listings prevented meaningful inventory growth. Last year, new listings and sales peaked in May, while inventory peaked in September. New listings have been exceptionally low, so the little inventory growth in 2023 was driven by softening demand. In December 2023, inventory and sales dropped, but more new listings came to the market in 2024, which has driven the significant increase in sales so far this year. The market is already looking healthier, and we expect more new listings and sales in Q2 2024.

With the current inventory levels, the number of new listings coming to market is a significant predictor of sales. New listings rose 19% month over month, and sales followed suit, increasing 26%. Year over year, inventory is up 15%, and sales are up 44%. Demand is clearly high in Silicon Valley, but more supply is needed for a healthier market.

Months of Supply Inventory fell in April 2024, indicating a sellers’ market

Months of Supply Inventory (MSI) quantifies the supply/demand relationship by measuring how many months it would take for all current homes listed on the market to sell at the current rate of sales. The long-term average MSI is around three months in California, which indicates a balanced market. An MSI lower than three indicates that there are more buyers than sellers on the market (meaning it’s a sellers’ market), while a higher MSI indicates there are more sellers than buyers (meaning it’s a buyers’ market). The Silicon Valley market tends to favor sellers, which is reflected in its low MSI. MSI trended higher in the second half of 2023, but never climbed above three months of supply. From January to April 2024, single-family home and condo MSI fell significantly, indicating the housing market strongly favors sellers.

Local Lowdown Data

Line graph of median sale prices for single-family homes in San Mateo, Santa Clara, & Santa Cruz counties over 24 months. Prices peaked mid-2022, then declined before signs of recovery in early 2024

Bar chart shows year-over-year median price changes for single-family homes in San Mateo, Santa Clara, and Santa Cruz counties. Prices declined in 2023 but showed signs of recovery in early 2024

Line graph of median sale prices for condos in San Mateo, Santa Clara, & Santa Cruz counties over 24 months. Prices peaked in mid-2022, then declined before signs of recovery in early 2024

Bar chart showing the trailing twelve-month (TTM) year-over-year percentage change in median prices for condos in San Mateo, Santa Clara, and Santa Cruz counties from May 2023 to April 2024

Bar graph showing monthly trends in available, new, & sold single-family homes in Silicon Valley over two years. Inventory decreased from a peak in mid-2022, with a slight recovery in early 2024

Line and bar graph showing monthly trends in condo inventory, new listings, and sales in Silicon Valley from April 2022-April 2024. Inventory and listings declined from mid-2022, with a slight uptick in early 2024

Line graph of average days on market for single-family homes & condos in Silicon Valley over 12 months. Condos took longer to sell than homes, with both peaking in Dec 2023/Jan 2024 before declining.

Bar chart comparing the average days on market for single-family homes and condos in Santa Cruz, Santa Clara, and San Mateo counties in April 2024. Single-family homes spent the shortest time on the market in Santa Clara County (15 days), while condos took the longest to sell in San Mateo County (26 days)

Line graph of months of supply inventory for single-family homes and condos in Silicon Valley over 12 months. Condos had more inventory than houses, both peaking in Nov 2023

Bar chart comparing months of supply inventory (MSI) for single-family homes and condos in Santa Cruz, Santa Clara, and San Mateo counties in April 2024. Santa Cruz had the highest MSI for both property types, while Santa Clara had the lowest for both single-family homes and condos

 

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